ADHD Stimulant Medication
Many people with ADHD discover that medication helps their symptoms be controlled and improves their ability to function.
Stimulants boost certain brain chemicals that help nerves communicate. They also decrease aggression and impulsiveness.
These medications come in different forms (eg tablets, liquids, tablets) and are available to children and adults. It can take some time to find the right dosage for each individual.
Types
The stimulant medications like methylphenidate and amphetamine reduce ADHD symptoms in 70 to the majority of children and adults (Spencer et al 2005). These medications boost levels of dopamine and norepinephrine. They can improve the symptoms of the condition, including the tendency to fidget, impulsivity, and difficulty paying attention. They also aid people to accomplish tasks and improve their social skills. In general, the medications work best when utilized as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes behavior therapy and training in skills.
Doctors cannot predict which drug is best for an individual, so they start by trying out different doses to find the one that is effective. It can take up to several weeks for medicines to achieve their maximum effectiveness. They may require adjustments over time based on the patient's reaction and adverse effects. The goal is to find a dosage that can help manage ADHD symptoms, but is as low as is possible.
The kinds of stimulant medications available include immediate-release methylphenidate and amphetamine, intermediate release atomoxetine and long-acting guanfacine and dexamphetamine. The medication can be consumed in liquid, capsule or chewable tablet form. Children who have difficulty swallowing tablets or pills can sprinkle the beads on food to take three extended-release medicines.
These medicines can trigger an increase in appetite and sleepiness, but they tend to improve with regular use. Insomnia can be a result of these medications however, doctors try to avoid giving them at bedtime. The effects of amphetamine or methylphenidate is more common in teenagers and preteens. Parents should be on the lookout for warning symptoms.
If you are suffering from heart problems or any other health concerns it is crucial to discuss these medications with your physician. They can trigger a sudden increase in blood pressure or heart rate, and they shouldn't be taken by those with a history of substance abuse or psychiatric disorders.
The stimulant drugs are likely to be abused, particularly by teens who might take them to lose weight or gain a high. Siu and Smith warn that this is a serious concern, as it puts teens at risk of a heart-related fatality. It is crucial to educate children and teens on the dangers of taking someone else’s prescription or sharing one with friends. It's also crucial to consult with a physician to discuss the possibility of abuse.
Dosage
Stimulant medication is usually used in the form of pills. The dosage is determined by your doctor based on the severity of your symptoms, medical conditions or other medications you're taking and the drug's side effects. Many people are able to determine the appropriate medication is a trial-and-error process and therefore, being open with your doctor is crucial.
A common kind of ADHD stimulant is the methylphenidates (MPH). These drugs can be prescribed in either long- or short-acting forms and are available in tablets, liquids, or chewable tablets. Long-acting formulations can last up to eight hours. The shorter-acting formulations have a quick effect however they wear off faster. Doctors usually start patients with a low dose and gradually increase the dosage until they notice improvements in their symptoms.
Certain adults may have to take several stimulant medications to manage their symptoms. Depending on the individual, it could be necessary to use the medication in combination with other treatment methods like behavioral therapy.
Stimulants are considered first-line treatments for ADHD because they have been known to decrease symptoms in 70-80 percent of children and adults. These medications can reduce hyperactivity, interruptions fidgeting, impulsive behavior and fidgeting. Iampsychiatry can also help people concentrate and complete tasks. They can help improve relationships and overall functioning.
The FDA has approved a number of amphetamines, methylphenidates and methylphenidates to treat ADHD. They are generally well-tolerated and have been shown to be effective. It is vital to keep in mind that these medications can be misused and used in a way that is harmful. They are classified by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration as Schedule II controlled drugs.
Medications to treat mood disorders or depression may be combined with stimulant medications. These medications work by increasing levels of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter that helps people concentrate and control their behavior. They can enhance attention and decrease the impulsivity of some people with ADHD. However they aren't as effective as stimulants in decreasing hyperactivity and inattention.
The crash effect can trigger depression, severe appetite and other unpleasant side-effects. It can also occur when coming down off a stimulant that is short-acting, particularly when the person hasn't been taking it for a long time or was using high doses.
Side effects
Stimulant medication works by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain. This improves the ability to focus and control impulses. The majority of stimulants used to treat ADHD are amphetamines or methylphenidates. The most popular kinds of these medications are Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin and Adderall. They are available in various forms and dosages, ranging from pills to liquids. These medications are utilized by a lot of adults and children to manage their symptoms with other treatments such as therapy, skill training and lifestyle changes.
These drugs can cause adverse effects, such as a decrease in appetite and trouble sleeping. If you or your child suffer from these adverse effects, you may require taking medication later in the day, eat more during the day, or incorporate snacks. It is also recommended to avoid drinking beverages with caffeine. These side effects usually disappear within several weeks as your body adjusts to the medication and it is essential to follow your doctor's instructions regarding dosage and frequency.
The medication isn't the only way to treat ADHD but they can reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity in 70-80% of people affected. You can also improve your sleep and finish your schoolwork, and focus on tasks by taking medication. Your doctor will discuss the risks and advantages of medication with you and will monitor your response.
Stimulants fall into the controlled substance category which means that they are at a high-risk of addiction and abuse. If taken as directed by a doctor stimulants aren't addictive. They are frequently misused by those who do not suffer from ADHD. They might use them to feel more alert or to curb their appetite to shed weight. When prescribed for medical reasons, stimulant medicines are extremely secure and efficient.
Nonstimulants are not able to increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the body. They require more time to work however they can increase your control and attention. They are less likely to be misused, but they could cause adverse effects like decreased appetite and difficulty sleeping. Examples of nonstimulant medication include Strattera (atomoxetine), Qelbree (viloxazine) and Intuniv (guanfacine). Antidepressants are often used as a single medication or in combination with a stimulant to treat ADHD symptoms.
Overdose
Even when prescribed for a legitimate medical reason stimulant medicines can be misused or abused. Certain people who don't suffer from ADHD abuse these medications to feel more alert or to reduce their appetite and lose weight. Others might use them to simply feel "high." People who suffer from ADHD who receive the proper treatment from a doctor aren't likely develop addictions to these medications, however these medications do have the potential of causing overdose and even death.
Ingestion of prescription stimulants can cause serious harm. This is usually done by mouth, but it can also happen when the medications are crushed, dissolved in water, and then snorted or injectable. According to research from U.S. Poison Centers these types of harms are most common among teenagers who are using their own prescription stimulant or medication prescribed by someone else that is not listed on the prescribing instructions.
Many young children mistakenly take the stimulant prescribed by their parents or older siblings to feel more awake or stay up later to study for tests or to get high. These incidents are usually accidental, but can lead to severe poisoning or even heart problems. Children can steal tablets from relatives or friends who have prescriptions. The tablets can be extremely risky for children who have heart problems or other health issues that make them more sensitive to their side effects.
The pills are also available without a prescription from drug dealers or from illegal sellers on the Internet which could contain fake pills that look like real prescription stimulants but contain harmful illicit substances. These drugs can also can be dangerous when used in combination with alcohol or other controlled substances like opioids.
Instruct patients to read their Medication Guide, which will be included with their filled prescriptions. The guide will provide information about the medicine including warnings and possible side effects. The guide will also provide the proper way to dispose of and store prescriptions that are not used by returning them to the pharmacy or other approved disposal facilities or sites. Encourage them to call the FDA's MedWatch Hotline if they are concerned about their medication or experiencing any adverse consequences.